Dog attacks are a serious global public health concern that primarily impacts young chi…

Dog attacks are a serious global public health concern that primarily impacts young children, who suffer the highest rate of severe injuries to the face and neck due to their short height.

Most bites do not involve stray animals in public spaces; instead, the vast majority occur in residential settings and involve a family pet or a dog familiar to the victim. These incidents are usually triggered by behavioral factors such as fear, resource guarding, territorial defense, or human misinterpreta